Oil burner



June 18, 1935. Q Q BRUMM 7 2,005,532

OIL BURNER Filed June 28, 1933 I INVENTOR Gzogzefi 0. BRUMM ATTORNEY IPatented June 18, 1935 UNHTED hTA'FES orries OIL BURNER George 9. Brumm,Worcester. Mass.

Applicaticn June 28, 1933, Serial No. 677,97?

3 Claims.

5 troughs each of which is located beneath and in communication with anannular combustion chamber having perforated walls.

In burnersof this type it is customary to provide upstanding cylindricalwicks in the fuel grooves in order to facilitate the lighting of thefuel. It usually requires a considerable length of time for these wicksto become saturated with oil, and for the oil to become ignitedthroughout the entire circumference of the burner. This makes itnecessary to wait for a substantial period until the burner becomes hotenough to generate oil vapor.

It is accordingly one object ofthe invention to' provide an oil burnerso constructed and arranged that the wick will become saturated with oilvery rapidly after the oil is admitted into the burner.

In prior burners of this type it is usually necessary to-cut notches'inthe bottoms of the Wicks so that the wicks will not obstruct the flow ofthe oil vapor into the combustion chambers. The wicks sometimes becomeshifted from their correct positions in the burner, and the notches failto register properly with the vapor passages. As a result the vaporcannot reach the combustion chambers, and the operation isunsatisfactory.

It is accordingly a further object of the invention to provide an oilburner so constructed and arranged that the oil vapor may flow freely tothe combustion chambers at all times, and the wicks need not be cut awayfor this purpose. I

When burners as heretofore constructed are placed in operation, it isusually found that the fuel burns at a higher rate in one combustionchamber than in the other. As a result, the heat generating capacity ofthe burner is seriously limited, since only one of the combustionchambers can be operated at its full capacity.

It is accordingly 2. further object of the invention to provide an oilburner so constructed and arranged that both combustion chambers can beoperated at full capacity.

With these and other objects in view, as will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art, the invention resides in the combination of partsset forth in the specification and covered by the claims appendedhereto.

Referring to the drawing illustrating one em- (ci. itser) bodiment ofthe invention and in which like reference numerals indicate like parts,

Fig; l is a vertical section through an oil burner, the section beingtaken on the line l-! of Fig.2;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the burner base;

Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the burner base; and

Fig. i is a section on theline 4-4 of Fig. 1.

The embodiment illustrated in the drawing comprises a base of suitablematerial, such as cast iron, shaped to provide inner and outerconcentric annularfuel grooves or troughs H and The bottoms of thesegrooves are preferably in the same horizontal plane. cylindrical wick il is mounted in each fuel groove. Four concentric perforated cylindricalsleeves 115 are. mounted on the base it and arranged to form two annularcombustion chambers H and 58 located directly above andin communicationwith the grooves ii and i2 respectively. The sleeves it are preferablycomparatively thin and formed from a suitable high heat resisting steel.A circular cover plate at is supported at the top of the inner sleeve,and an annular cover plate 211 is mounted at the top of the annularspace between the two combustion chambers ll and it. These plates 28 andEl baffle the upwardly flowing air currents in a manner well understoodin this art, and aid in directing the air through the perforations inthe sleeves and into the combustion chambers.

The base M3 is shaped to provide horizontal passages 23 which connectthe inner and outer fuel grooves El and it. In the embodimentillustrated there are four of these passages equally spaced about thecircumference of the burner, and they preferably extend radially asshown in the. drawing. The bottoms of the passages 23 are preferably in.the same horizontal plane as the bottoms of the fuel grooves.

In order to supply fuel to the passages 23, I provide passages 25, whichin the embodiment illustrated extend radially and directly beneath thepassages $33. The outer ends of the fuel delivery passages 25communicate with the passages 23 through openings 26 in the bottom wallsof the latter passages. The fuel thus flows upwardly through theopenings 26 and thence laterally in both directions along the passages23 to the fuel grooves. The inner ends of the lower passages 25communicate with a central chamber it, which is shown as circular andconcentric with the fuel grooves. Oil is introduced into the chamber 28by means of a pipe An upstanding 1 29 communicating with an opening 30in the bottom wall of the chamber.

The operation of the invention will now be apparent from the abovedisclosure. 'Oil'is admitted into the chamber 28 through the pipe is andflows outwardly through the passages 25, upwardly through the openings28 into the passages 23, and then along the latter passages in bothdirections into the fuel grooves H and H2. The entering oil is directedagainst the sides of the wicks M and saturates them very rapidly, sothat the burner can be ignited almost immediately by applying a suitablelighter to the wicks. The burning oil quickly heats the burner andcauses the generation of oil vapor in considerable volume in the chamber28, which may therefore be described as a vaporizing chamber. The flowof oil through the pipe 29 is restricted by a suitable valve, inaccordance with the usual practice, and as the burner becomes heated thelevel of the liquid oil moves downwardly until a point is reached atwhich the heat traveling downwardly from the burner is just sufiicientto vaporize the oil as fast as it is delivered through the valve. Thisestablishes a balance, and the liquid level will then remainsubstantially constant during normal operation. With the burnerproportioned as illustrated, this liquid level will be slightly belowthe bottom of the passages 25, so that these passages serve todistribute oil vapor alone after the parts have become thoroughlyheated. The oil vapor is mixed with air in the combustion chambers H andi and the cornbustion flame extends upwardly above these chambers.

. It will be noted that the wicks M do not have to be notched orotherwise cut away to accom modate the flow of fuel. Furthermore, as are sult of the arrangement of the passages, the oil vapor is deliveredto both the fuel grooves at substantially the same pressure. Thisequalizes the combustion rates in the two combustion chambers, andpermits both the combustion chambers to operate at full capacity when ahigh rate of heat liberation is desired. The entire construe.-

tion is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, and convenient to installand operate.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. An oil burner comprising meansforming a pair of spaced concentricannular fuel grooves, walls certain of which are perforated formingannular combustion chambers above an in communication with the grooves,substantially radial passages connecting the grooves, each passagehaving a bottom wall provided with an opening therethrough locatedbetween the fuel grooves, a central vaporizing means, fuel deliverypassages extending substantially radially outward from the vaporizingmeans, the fuel delivery passages being located beneath the firstmentioned passages and having their outer ends connected to theopenings, and means 'to deliver oil to the vaporizing means.

2. An oil burner comprising means forming a pair of spaced concentricannular fuel grooves, walls certain of which are perforated formingannular combustion chambers above and in communication with the grooves,substantially radial passages connecting the grooves, each passagehaving a bottom wall provided with an opening therethrough locatedbetween the fuel grooves, a central vaporizing means, fuel deliverypassages extending outwardly from the vaporizing means to the openings,and means to deliver oil to the vaporizing means.

3. As an article of manufacture, an oil burner base comprising meansforming a pair of spaced concentric annular fuel grooves connected bysubstantially radial passages, each passage having a bottom wallprovided with an opening therethrough located between the fuel grooves,a central vaporizing chamber having an inlet for the supply of oilthereto, and fuel delivery passages extending substantially radiallyoutward from the vaporizing chamber, the fuel delivery passages beinglocated beneath the first mentioned passages and having their outer endsconnected to the openings.

GEORGE O. BRUMM.

